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Data Sources

85 catalog feeds.

No black boxes.

Every Locus score is built on verifiable data from federal agencies, municipal governments, and established commercial providers. No proprietary panels. Source attribution is documented for every signal group.

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Net business openings, category diversity, rating trajectories, and business license activity — the pulse of commercial activity.

Source
Category
Cadence
Coverage
Business directory and reviews
Commercial
Continuous
National
Open business place data
Crowdsourced
Monthly
National
Municipal business licenses
Municipal
Weekly
City
Health inspections
Municipal
Weekly
City
GLEIF Legal Entity Identifier registry
Federal
Continuous
National
Secretary of State business registrations
Federal
Weekly
National
Court dockets
Federal
Weekly
National
Who's On First Gazetteer
Crowdsourced
Quarterly
National
Federal Agency FOIA Logs
Federal
Continuous
National
State & Local Public Records
Municipal
Weekly
National
MuckRock Completed Requests
Crowdsourced
Weekly
National

Migration flows, vacancy trends, and residential demand signals that lead economic growth by 6-12 months.

Source
Category
Cadence
Coverage
U.S. Census Bureau — Population Estimates
Federal
Annual
National
IRS County-to-County Migration
Federal
Annual
National
USPS / HUD Address Vacancy
Federal
Quarterly
National
USPS Delivery Points
Federal
Quarterly
National
USPS / HUD Migration Crosswalk
Federal
Quarterly
National
Eviction Lab
Federal
Annual
National
HUD Housing Data
Federal
Quarterly
National

Demographics

Income levels, population density, daytime population, age distribution, and household composition.

Source
Category
Cadence
Coverage
U.S. Census Bureau — American Community Survey
Federal
Annual
National
CDC PLACES Health Indicators
Federal
Annual
National
NCES School Enrollment
Federal
Annual
National

Employment growth, wages, GDP, banking activity, and small business lending.

Source
Category
Cadence
Coverage
BLS Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages
Federal
Quarterly
National
BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics
Federal
Monthly
National
BEA Regional GDP
Federal
Annual
National
U.S. Census Bureau — County Business Patterns
Federal
Annual
National
U.S. Census Bureau — Business Dynamics Statistics
Federal
Annual
National
FDIC Branch Deposits
Federal
Annual
National
SBA 7(a) & 504 Lending
Federal
Quarterly
National
CDFI Fund NMTC Awards
Federal
Annual
National
HMDA Loan Application Register
Federal
Annual
National
HMDA Bulk Records
Federal
Annual
National
FHFA House Price Index
Federal
Quarterly
National
H-1B Employer Filings
Federal
Quarterly
National
USASpending Federal Awards
Federal
Monthly
National
SAM.gov Government Procurement
Federal
Daily
National
SAM.gov Veteran-Owned Businesses
Federal
Monthly
National
IRS Exempt Organizations Master File
Federal
Quarterly
National
FEC Campaign Contributions
Federal
Monthly
National
LEHD Workplace Area Characteristics
Federal
Annual
National

Building permits, satellite-detected construction, land cover change, and opportunity zones.

Source
Category
Cadence
Coverage
Municipal building permits
Municipal
Weekly
City
U.S. Census Bureau — Building Permits Survey
Federal
Monthly
National
Open building footprints
Crowdsourced
Quarterly
National
Building inspections
Municipal
Weekly
City
Code enforcement violations
Municipal
Weekly
City
Capital improvement programs
Municipal
Quarterly
City
Environmental impact reviews
Federal
Weekly
National
Opportunity Zone designations
Federal
Annual
National
MPO Transportation Improvement Programs
Federal
Quarterly
Metro
Army Corps Section 404 Permits
Federal
Monthly
National
Tax assessments
Municipal
Annual
City
BLS QCEW Construction Employment
Federal
Quarterly
National
Socrata Dataset Discovery
Municipal
Continuous
National

Transit access, walkability, traffic flow, broadband coverage, EV infrastructure, and 5G cell tower density.

Source
Category
Cadence
Coverage
FCC Broadband Data Collection
Federal
Annual
National
FCC Antenna Structure Registry
Federal
Quarterly
National
NTD Transit Ridership
Federal
Monthly
National
Public transit feeds
Crowdsourced
Quarterly
National
Real-time traffic feed
Commercial
Continuous
National
Walkability scoring
Crowdsourced
Continuous
National
HIFLD Infrastructure Layers
Federal
Quarterly
National
OpenSky Flight Activity
Crowdsourced
Continuous
National

Crime rates, natural disaster risk, air quality, flood risk, 311 complaints, and environmental quality indicators.

Source
Category
Cadence
Coverage
Municipal crime incidents
Municipal
Weekly
City
311 service requests
Municipal
Weekly
City
NFIRS Fire Incidents
Federal
Annual
National
FEMA Disaster Declarations
Federal
Monthly
National
FEMA National Flood Hazard Layer
Federal
Annual
National
FEMA National Risk Index
Federal
Annual
National
EPA EJScreen
Federal
Annual
National
EPA Toxics Release Inventory (TRI)
Federal
Annual
National
NASA FIRMS Active Fire
Federal
Daily
National
NOAA Storm Events
Federal
Monthly
National
USGS Earthquake Catalog
Federal
Daily
National
OSHA Severe Injury Reports
Federal
Quarterly
National
ACLED Conflict Events
Federal
Weekly
National
NLCD Land Cover
Federal
Annual
National
CCTV Camera Registries
Municipal
Quarterly
Metro
Weather Station Feed
Commercial
Continuous
National

Job market density, events, school quality, food access, unemployment, and Google Trends search intent.

Source
Category
Cadence
Coverage
NCES School Quality
Federal
Annual
National
USDA Food Access Atlas
Federal
Annual
National
USDA NASS Quick Stats
Federal
Annual
National
NPI Healthcare Providers
Federal
Monthly
National
Liquor licenses
Municipal
Quarterly
City
Consumer search intent
Commercial
Weekly
National
News article velocity
Commercial
Daily
National
GDELT Global Events
Federal
Continuous
National
Job postings aggregator
Commercial
Continuous
National
Model Calibration

The scoring model is continuously calibrated against ground-truth CRE outcomes — 2.1M+ permit signals, 454K H3 cells, 417K+ POIs, and 22 metros of verified municipal data. Source weights are re-evaluated each quarter.

How are these sources combined?

Every weight, normalization range, and aggregation function is documented and explained in the methodology.

Read the Methodology